Can You Sue For IV Infiltration or Nerve Damage?

You probably agreed to an IV because it sounded routine. A quick poke, some fluids or medication, and you’d be one step closer to going home. Instead, you noticed your hand or arm ballooning with swelling. The skin felt tight or burning.

Maybe the nurse brushed it off as “normal,” but the pain didn’t match what you were told to expect. Days or weeks later, you’re still dealing with numbness, tingling, or weakness in the area. It’s natural to wonder whether this was just an unfortunate side effect or a preventable mistake.​

You might be asking yourself: Can you sue for IV infiltration? The answer depends on:

• Was the IV inserted correctly?
• Did anyone actually watch the site while medication was running?
• Did staff take your complaints seriously, or did they ignore them until damage was already done?

IV infiltration can be minor and heal quickly. It can also cause severe tissue injury, scarring, or permanent nerve damage when healthcare providers don’t follow basic safety rules.​

Hodes Milman helps patients throughout Southern California get straight answers about what went wrong and whether their injuries were avoidable. For more than 30 years, the firm has pursued accountability and financial recovery in medical malpractice cases, securing more than $200 million for injured clients and their families.

If you suspect your IV injury was caused by negligence, call (949) 640-8222 for a free, confidential case review with a medical malpractice lawyer.

Why IVs Are Used in the First Place

Doctors and nurses use IVs because they work fast. When you’re dehydrated, fighting an infection, undergoing surgery, or receiving chemotherapy, getting medication and fluids directly into the vein can be life-saving.

Common reasons for IV therapy include:

• Treating infections with IV antibiotics;
• Replacing fluids after vomiting, diarrhea, or surgery;
• Providing nutrition when you can’t eat or drink;
• Administering blood products; and
• Delivering chemotherapy or other strong medications.

A small plastic tube (catheter) is placed into a vein in your hand, arm, or sometimes another location. When done correctly, you feel a quick stick and mild soreness, but no spreading, intense pain. The IV should be checked regularly while it’s running to catch problems early.

What Does an Infiltrated IV Mean?

When an IV works properly, fluid travels through the vein into your bloodstream. Infiltration occurs when fluid leaks out of the vein and collects in the surrounding tissue.​

Think of it like a garden hose with a hole in it. Instead of water flowing cleanly through the hose, it spills into the grass. With an infiltrated IV, the “leak” is into your soft tissue:​

• The area may swell or feel tight,
• The skin may look pale or shiny, or
• You may feel burning or throbbing pain.

Some medications administered through an IV are mild and mainly cause swelling and discomfort. Others are harsh and can burn or destroy tissue on contact. A related event called extravasation occurs when those especially damaging drugs leak out of the vein. Both situations can cause serious harm if staff don’t notice and stop the infusion quickly.

Timing is everything. The longer fluid or medication is allowed to infiltrate, the higher the risk of permanent injury.

What Causes IV Infiltration?

In many hospitals, IVs are placed and managed by busy staff juggling multiple patients at once. That pressure can lead to shortcuts or missed warning signs.

Several issues can contribute to infiltration:

• Rushed or improper insertion technique;
• Choosing a fragile vein in someone elderly or very ill;
• Failing to secure the catheter so it shifts easily;
• Not checking the IV site often enough during treatment;
• Ignoring patient reports of pain, burning, or swelling; or
• Leaving the same IV in for too long.

Some medications carry a higher risk due to their chemical composition. Chemotherapy drugs, certain antibiotics, and medications with high concentrations or extreme pH levels can cause rapid tissue damage if they leak. Those drugs require extra care and closer monitoring. When basic steps are skipped, a preventable complication can turn into a serious injury.

By the time many patients realize something is wrong, they’ve already been told “this is normal” multiple times. Later, they’re sent home with little guidance about what the swelling, pain, or color changes actually mean.

You deserve a clear explanation about whether faster action could have prevented the damage. Hodes Milman investigates possible medical negligence involving IV injuries and other hospital complications. Call (949) 640-8222 or reach out online for a free case review.

When an IV Mistake Becomes Negligence

Patients often ask: Is IV infiltration malpractice?

Complications can happen even when everyone is careful. Malpractice arises when a healthcare provider fails to provide the level of care that a reasonably careful professional would in the same situation, and that failure causes harm.

In IV cases, safe care usually involves:

• Selecting an appropriate vein and using proper insertion technique;
• Securing the catheter to reduce movement;
• Checking the site regularly while fluids or medications are running;
• Stopping the infusion and assessing the site when a patient reports pain, burning, or swelling; and
• Following special protocols for high-risk medications.

Legal claims often arise when:

• Staff kept infusing medication despite obvious swelling or pain;
• No one checked the IV site for hours;
• Patient complaints were dismissed as “normal”; or
• High-risk drugs were given without appropriate monitoring.

Hospitals may call infiltration a “known risk,” but that doesn’t excuse injuries that basic vigilance would have prevented.

IV Infiltration Signs and Symptoms to Watch For

You don’t need a medical degree to know when something feels wrong. Warning signs of infiltration include:​

• Swelling or puffiness around the IV site;
• Skin that looks stretched, pale, or shiny;
• Pain, burning, or a “pressure” feeling near the IV;
• Coolness or firmness when you touch the area; or
• Fluid leaking around the catheter.

More serious problems can develop when infiltration goes unnoticed or involves damaging medications:

• Skin discoloration, blistering, or open sores;
• Intense pain that keeps getting worse;
• Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limb; or
• Difficulty moving fingers, hands, or the affected area.

Severe swelling can even cut off blood flow, leading to tissue death and, in extreme cases, amputation. Nerve damage may leave you with chronic pain or permanent loss of sensation or strength.

Tell staff immediately if you notice any of these changes. If you’re home and symptoms are getting worse, seek medical care right away.

What an IV Infiltration Lawsuit Can Address

If negligence caused your injury, a legal claim is about more than assigning blame. It can help you secure the resources you need to move forward.​

Compensation in an IV infiltration case can cover:​

• Medical bills related to the injury;
• Future treatment costs, including surgery, physical therapy, or pain management;
• Lost income or reduced earning capacity if you can’t work as before;
• Pain and suffering for the physical and emotional toll; and
• Scarring, disfigurement, or permanent disability.

Every case is different. The value of a claim depends on factors like the severity of the injury, whether the damage is permanent, how much it affects your ability to work, and the strength of the evidence showing negligence.

An attorney can gather records, consult medical experts, and explain whether your experience meets the legal requirements for a malpractice claim.

Can You Sue for Nerve Damage From an IV?

Yes. You may be able to bring a malpractice claim for nerve damage when negligent IV placement or monitoring caused that injury.​

Nerve damage linked to infiltration can present as:

• Persistent numbness or tingling,
• Burning or stabbing pain,
• Weakness or loss of grip strength, or
• Trouble using the affected arm or hand.

These symptoms can interfere with work, driving, caring for children, or even simple tasks like buttoning a shirt. Concerns like these lead many patients to wonder: Can you sue for IV infiltration?

The answer depends on the extent of the injury. Some nerve damage improves with treatment over time. Other injuries lead to lasting weakness, numbness, or chronic pain that affects daily functioning and earning capacity. When the damage is permanent, the financial and personal impact can be significant, and that’s where a malpractice claim becomes meaningful.​

If you’re considering legal action, timing matters. California law gives you a limited window to file a medical malpractice lawsuit:

• Within one year from the date you discovered (or reasonably should have discovered) the injury, or
• Within three years from the negligent act.

Miss the statute of limitations deadlines and you can lose your right to pursue compensation, no matter how strong your case is. Talking with a lawyer as soon as you suspect negligence helps protect your options.

Talk to a Medical Malpractice Lawyer About Your IV Injury

An IV should never leave you wondering whether you’ll regain full use of your hand, arm, or limb. If your concerns were brushed aside, or if you’re only now connecting your ongoing symptoms to that hospital stay, it may be time to get answers.

Hodes Milman helps patients across Southern California understand what happened, whether the standard of care was violated, and what can be done next.

Your consultation is free and confidential. Call (949) 640-8222 or contact us online to speak with a medical malpractice lawyer about your IV infiltration or nerve damage today.